The Zoetrope was invented in 1834 in England by William Horner. The zoetrope worked on the same principles as the phenakistiscope, but the pictures were drawn on a strip which could be set around the bottom third of a metal drum, with the slits now cut in the upper section of the drum. The drum was mounted on a spindle so that it could be spun, and viewers looking through the slits would see the cartoon strip form a moving image. The faster the drum is spun, the smoother the image that is produced.
source: http://www.exeter.ac.uk/bdc/young_bdc/animation/animation4.htm
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